Timely harvesting of the previous culture and clearing the field from plant residues. In case of stronger than normal presence of weeds before the pre-seeding preparation, it is appropriate to treat the area with a total herbicide to eliminate the self-seeding crops.
Preparation of the area for growing
Observance of a proper crop rotation for the relevant culture
The widely used wheat predecessors are sunflower, maize, rapeseed and legumes. Crops develop best after the following legumes: peas, beans, lentils and soybean. This is the reason why these are recommended to use in the wheat seeding areas. To achieve good results, wheat must NOT be grown after the following predecessor cereal plants: wheat, barley, rye, einkorn, due to the risk of attack by related diseases. In case that it is necessary to grow wheat after any of the plants listed above, it is advisable to be done after rye or barley, with preliminary pre-seeding ploughing at a minimum depth of 20 cm and with an arrangement to apply more intensive plant protection during the next season.
Preparation of the soil
After the main predecessors – rapeseed, sunflower and maize, have been harvested, several shallow treatments are done by using a disc harrow, usually along the two diagonals of the field, at the seeding depth (10-15 cm).
Fertilising
Wheat is a nitrogen-responsive culture, where each 100 kg of yield require 2.5-3.5 kg of nitrogen (active substance), subject to the natural soil fertility of the specific region. This means that to have yields of over 700 kg/decare, it is necessary to apply more than 15 kg of nitrogen (active substance) per decare. Phosphorus fertiliser must always be introduced during the pre-seeding period, and its dosage depends directly on the predecessor. It is advisable to observe a ratio of 1:0.6-0.8 between the nitrogen and the phosphorus component. This means that wheat needs about 10 kg of phosphorus per decare (active substance), or 15-20 kg physically during its active vegetation period.
Selection of appropriate sort
IMPORTANT: In no case should only one sort be used, especially when wheat is grown on thousands of decares in a single farm. The selection of sorts must make maximum consideration of the soil and climatic conditions of a particular farm. It is advisable to grow wheat sorts of at least three groups of wheat according to its quality, divided at least in two groups in terms of early seasoning, that is different in terms of formation of ears and ripening.
Specific detailed information about each sort may be received upon making the purchase of the seeds.
Sowing
YOU MUST:
– use certified seeds with the mandatory wheat germination.
– all seeds must have been decontaminated against fungus disease agents and pathogens in the soil.
– the sowing rate must be determined according to the seed-time; the later the period, the higher the sowing rate. The sowing rate is specific to each sort that is used and is directly dependable on its productive tillering, grain size and its germination rate for the relevant season. The sowing rate must be increased by more than 20% even in case of late seed-time, due to the risk of negative consequences for the crops, such as lodging or diseases. (Please seek advice from your consultant).
Preparation of the area for growing
Timely harvesting of the previous culture and clearing the field from plant residues. In case of stronger than normal presence of weeds before the pre-seeding preparation, it is appropriate to treat the area with a total herbicide to eliminate the self-seeding crops.
Observance of a proper crop rotation for the relevant culture
The widely used wheat predecessors are sunflower, maize, rapeseed and legumes. Crops develop best after the following legumes: peas, beans, lentils and soybean. This is the reason why these are recommended to use in the wheat seeding areas. To achieve good results, wheat must NOT be grown after the following predecessor cereal plants: wheat, barley, rye, einkorn, due to the risk of attack by related diseases. In case that it is necessary to grow wheat after any of the plants listed above, it is advisable to be done after rye or barley, with preliminary pre-seeding ploughing at a minimum depth of 20 cm and with an arrangement to apply more intensive plant protection during the next season.
Preparation of the soil
After the main predecessors – rapeseed, sunflower and maize, have been harvested, several shallow treatments are done by using a disc harrow, usually along the two diagonals of the field, at the seeding depth (10-15 cm).
Fertilising
Wheat is a nitrogen-responsive culture, where each 100 kg of yield require 2.5-3.5 kg of nitrogen (active substance), subject to the natural soil fertility of the specific region. This means that to have yields of over 700 kg/decare, it is necessary to apply more than 15 kg of nitrogen (active substance) per decare. Phosphorus fertiliser must always be introduced during the pre-seeding period, and its dosage depends directly on the predecessor. It is advisable to observe a ratio of 1:0.6-0.8 between the nitrogen and the phosphorus component. This means that wheat needs about 10 kg of phosphorus per decare (active substance), or 15-20 kg physically during its active vegetation period.
Selection of appropriate sort
IMPORTANT: In no case should only one sort be used, especially when wheat is grown on thousands of decares in a single farm. The selection of sorts must make maximum consideration of the soil and climatic conditions of a particular farm. It is advisable to grow wheat sorts of at least three groups of wheat according to its quality, divided at least in two groups in terms of early seasoning, that is different in terms of formation of ears and ripening.
Specific detailed information about each sort may be received upon making the purchase of the seeds.
Sowing
YOU MUST:
– use certified seeds with the mandatory wheat germination.
– all seeds must have been decontaminated against fungus disease agents and pathogens in the soil.
– the sowing rate must be determined according to the seed-time; the later the period, the higher the sowing rate. The sowing rate is specific to each sort that is used and is directly dependable on its productive tillering, grain size and its germination rate for the relevant season. The sowing rate must be increased by more than 20% even in case of late seed-time, due to the risk of negative consequences for the crops, such as lodging or diseases. (Please seek advice from your consultant).